When a Behavior Is Decreased with Extinction but Later Occurs

question 2

Multiple Choice

When a behavior is decreased with extinction but later occurs again,the phenomenon is called:

• A)spontaneous recovery
• B)reinstatement
• C)spontaneous renewal
• D)reinforcement

Identify seminal studies and researchers in the field of classical conditioning like Pavlov's dog, Watson and Rayner's Little Albert, and Garcia's taste aversion.

Grasp the concept of operant conditioning, including reinforcement (positive and negative), punishment, and the law of effect.

Understand the application of reinforcement and punishment in real-life scenarios.

Acknowledge the role of biological predispositions in learning, such as preparedness for fear responses.

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Definitions:

Least Squares Estimate

A method of estimating the parameters in a statistical model by minimizing the sum of squared differences between observed and predicted values.

Slope

The measure of the steepness or incline of a line, often calculated as rise over run in the coordinate plane.

Dependent Variable

A variable in an experiment or study whose changes are determined by the presence or variation of one or more independent variables.

Independent Variable

Variables in a study that are presumed to influence or determine the dependent variable, essentially the cause in a cause-and-effect relationship.