To Avoid Using Nonfluencies Such as Um, Uh, Like, or You

question 4

Multiple Choice

To avoid using nonfluencies such as um, uh, like, or you know, a speaker should:

• A) Pinch himself/herself whenever one is used
• B) Admit to the audience that he/she is not a good speaker
• C) Ask the audience to count the nonfluencies out loud
• D) Pause rather than use one of these nonfluencies

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Definitions:

Bonds Outstanding

The total amount of issued bonds by a corporation or government entity that have not yet been redeemed or reached their maturity date.

After-tax Cost

The expense of an investment or financial activity after accounting for taxes.

Tax Rate

The tax rate imposed by governmental authorities on the income of persons or businesses.

Coupon

The interest payment made to the bondholder during the life of the bond, expressed as a percentage of the bond's face value.