An Experimental Neuropsychologist Wishes to Determine Whether a New Drug

question 11

Multiple Choice

An experimental neuropsychologist wishes to determine whether a new drug (X-9) enhances the growth of new, functional brain tissue after maximal brain growth has already been attained after a period of 1 month and 6 months. Five rats were run in a series of three different mazes. All of the mazes were judged to be of equal difficulty. The time in seconds to solve each maze is recorded for each rat across its three mazes. X-9 was given 2 weeks before testing. A prior study statistically demonstrated that rats not given X-9 did not improve their times. Is there any evidence X-9 works? $\begin{array} { l c c c c c c } \hline & { \text { 1 Month } } & & & \text { 6 Months } \\\hline & \text { Trial 1 } & \text { Trial 2 } & \text { Trial 3 } & \text { Trial 1 } & \text { Trial 2 } & \text { Trial 3 } \\\hline \text { Rat 1 } & 10 & 12 & 5 & 4 & 5 & 4 \\\text { Rat 2 } & 15 & 14 & 8 & 6 & 5 & 4 \\\text { Rat 3 } & 14 & 14 & 7 & 6 & 7 & 7 \\\text { Rat 4 } & 9 & 10 & 5 & 7 & 8 & 8 \\\text { Rat 5 } & 12 & 11 & 4 & 7 & 6 & 7 \\\hline\end{array}$
-The df for the trials main effect is

• A)1
• B)2
• C)3
• D)24
• E)29

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Definitions:

Human Beings

Refers to Homo sapiens, the species of bipedal primates to which all modern human beings belong, characterized by a capacity for language and abstract reasoning.

Learned Helplessness

A psychological condition where an individual expects failure due to previous experiences of inability to control outcomes, affecting motivation and behavior.

Contingency Blocking

A learning phenomenon where the association between a stimulus and a response is hindered by the presence of a more dominant or previously learned stimulus-response association.

Biofeedback

A technique that trains individuals to improve their health by controlling certain bodily processes that normally occur involuntarily, such as heart rate, blood pressure, muscle tension, and skin temperature.