Simplify

question 1

Short Answer

Simplify.

---

Definitions:

Reference-Group Effects

The influence of social groups on an individual's behavior, attitudes, or beliefs.

Reference-Group Effect

The impact that the standards of one's reference group have on their behavior, including attitudes, beliefs, and actions.

National Pride

A feeling of love, devotion, and sense of attachment to one’s country and its characteristics and culture.

Location Bias

The potential for research outcomes to be affected by the geographic location in which the study is conducted.