When NADH Is the Electron Donor to the Respiratory Chain

question 105

Multiple Choice

When NADH is the electron donor to the respiratory chain, 2.5 ATP are formed, but when FADH₂ is the electron donor, only 1.5 ATP are formed.This difference occurs because

• A) complex I accepts electrons from both NADH and FADH₂ but donates the electrons to different sites on the complex, which produces a larger proton gradient for NADH.
• B) complex I accepts electrons from NADH but not FADH₂, resulting in an extra step that allows a larger proton gradient to form.
• C) complex II accepts electrons from both NADH and FADH₂ but donates the electrons to different sites on the complex, which produces a larger proton gradient for NADH.
• D) energy, in the form of heat, is lost when FADH₂, but not NADH, is the electron donor, resulting in lower energy yield.
• E) NADH interacts with ATP synthase more efficiently than FADH₂, resulting in more ATP production.

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