In Classical Conditioning Procedures,it Is Sometimes Possible for Higher-Order Conditioning

question 167

Essay

In classical conditioning procedures,it is sometimes possible for higher-order conditioning to occur.Explain this process and then illustrate its use citing the research on the acquisition of classically conditioned responses by cancer patients during chemotherapy.

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Definitions:

Identity-Based Subgroup

A subgroup within a larger group defined by shared characteristics or identities, such as ethnicity, gender, or professional background.

Social-Group Based Identities

The aspects of an individual’s sense of self that are derived from their membership in social groups, such as cultural, ethnic, or professional groups.

X-Teams

represents a concept in organizational theory, emphasizing teams that are externally oriented, have flexible boundaries, and are highly networked.

Externally Oriented

describes an outward focus, typically pertaining to how organizations or individuals prioritize external factors or stakeholders in their decision-making processes.