Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 3

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario II
Lazarus and Folkman (1984) proposed a three-step model of coping.People first make primary appraisals to determine if stimuli are stressful or not.If a stimulus is determined to be a stressor,people make secondary appraisals to determine if they can be successfully handled.The cognitive-behavioral strategies used to actually deal with stressors are termed coping styles.While coping styles can be classified in different ways,they usually involve either approaching (rational coping) or avoiding or repressing (repressive coping) the stressful stimulus.Rational coping has both problem-focused and emotional components and typically involves an acceptance of,exposure to,and understanding of the stressor.In addition to repressive and rational coping,a coping style based on reframing involves changing the way one thinks about a stressor to reduce its threat.
-(Scenario II) Which example BEST illustrates secondary appraisal?

• A)a user of hallucinogenic drugs determining whether the snake he sees crawling up the wall is real
• B)a job applicant conceptualizing the process as an opportunity to interview prospective employers
• C)a person determining if the spot on his shirt is coffee or blood
• D)a student determining if a bad grade can be overcome or is likely to result in course failure

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Definitions:

Denial

A defense mechanism in which a person refuses to acknowledge reality or facts, often as a means to protect themselves from discomfort.

Dependency

In psychology, refers to a reliance on substances, behaviours, or other individuals that affects one's mental or physical health.

Major Neurocognitive Disorders

Previously known as dementia, these disorders involve significant cognitive decline from a previous level of performance in one or more cognitive domains.

Age Increases

Refers to the natural, chronological advancement in age which is often associated with changes in physical, psychological, and social aspects of an individual's life.