Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 11

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
Scenario I is based on and presents fabricated results consistent with the following study:
Kim,I.K. ,& Spelke,E.S.(1992) .Infants' sensitivity to effects of gravity on visual object motion.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance,18(2) ,385-393.
Kim and Spelke (1992) investigated the extent to which infants have expectancies of gravitational effects on visual object motion.Infants of 3 and 5 months of age repeatedly watched a video of a ball accelerating as it rolled down an incline until they spent little time actively looking at it.Subsequently,two types of test trials were conducted in randomized order.Type A test trials consisted of a ball slowing down as it rolled up an incline.Type B test trials consisted of a ball slowing down as it rolled down an incline.During all trials,the amount of time looking at each visual display was recorded.Fabricated data consistent with the major finding of this study are presented in Figure 11.1.
Figure 11.1
Note that "Age 5" and "Age 3" in the legend refer to months of age.
-(Scenario I) Which explanation is MOST likely for the decreased looking time across training trials?

• A)Both groups of infants failed to acquire gravitational expectancies.
• B)The video lost its novelty.
• C)Both groups of infants acquired object permanence with respect to the ball.
• D)The experimenters failed to arrange effective rewards for looking behavior.

Understand the assumptions required for conducting a t test for independent samples.

Grasp the concept of directional versus nondirectional hypotheses and their implications.

Learn how to compute the test statistic, including approximating sample size and pooling variances.

Identify when to use a t test for independent means versus other statistical tests.

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Definitions:

Demographic Transition

The process of change in a society's population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates, often associated with economic development.

Deaths

The termination of all biological functions that sustain a living organism.

Total Fertility Rate

The average number of children a woman is expected to have over her lifetime, given current birth rates.