Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 7

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
Scenario I is based on and presents results consistent with the following studies:
Snedeker,J. ,Geren,J. ,& Shafto,C.L.(2012) .Disentangling the effects of cognitive development and linguistic expertise: A longitudinal study of the acquisition of English in internationally-adopted children.Cognitive Psychology,65(1) ,39-76.doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2012.01.004
Snedeker,J. ,Geren,J. ,& Shafto,C.L.(2007) .Starting over: International adoption as a natural experiment in language development.Psychological Science,18(1) ,79-87.doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01852.x
Language development occurs in orderly stages,beginning with one-word utterances and progressing to two-word utterances,simple sentences containing function morphemes,and the emergence of grammatical rules.Psycholinguists have attempted to determine if language development is a consequence of cognitive development or if it reflects linguistic processes that occur independently of general cognitive development.Studies on the acquisition of a second language in internationally adopted children have provided insight into this research question.In a series of studies,Snedeker and colleagues (2007,2012) studied the acquisition of the English language in adopted preschoolers from China.These children had no exposure to the English language before being adopted by families in the United States.
Figure 9.1
-(Scenario I) Which statement is an example of interpreting orderly changes in language development as a result of emerging cognitive skills?

• A)The universality of grammar rules suggests the presence on an innate language acquisition device.
• B)In infants acquiring language,sentences at first are short (e.g. ,two words)because working memory has yet to fully develop.
• C)Language acquisition progresses in orderly stages only if critical environmental components,such as continued social interaction,are present.
• D)Maturing infants imitate the sounds that they hear,in part due to reinforcement from their parents.

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