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Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 12

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
The following scenario is based on and presents fabricated data consistent with the following study:
Caspi,A. ,Sugden,K. ,Moffitt,T.E. ,Taylor,A. ,Craig,I.W. ,Harrington,H. ,McClay,J. ,Mill,J. ,Martin,J. ,Braithwaite,A. ,and Poulton,R.(2003) .Influence of life stress on depression: Moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene.Science,301(5631) ,386-389.
The serotonin transporter gene codes for the serotonin transporter,a protein that transports serotonin from the synapse to the presynaptic neuron.Several polymorphisms of the gene exist,including a "short" (s) and a "long" (l) variation.As humans receive one copy of the gene from each parent,people can be grouped into three groups based on this genetic variation: s/s (two copies of the short gene) ,s/l,and l/l.Caspi et al.(2003) interviewed participants in each of these groups and asked them a wide range of questions to determine both the degree of exposure to stress and the number of depressive episodes participants had experienced in their lives.Fabricated results consistent with their major findings are shown in Figure 3.1.
Figure 3.1
-(Scenario I) The serotonin transporter protein essentially _____ serotonin.

Definitions:

Stratified Squamous

A type of epithelial tissue composed of multiple layers of flat cells, providing protection in areas of high abrasion.

Macula Densa

A group of specialized cells located in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney, involved in regulating blood pressure and the filtration rate of the kidneys.

NaCl Concentrations

The measure of the amount of sodium chloride, common table salt, dissolved in a given volume of solution, affecting cellular processes and fluid balance.

Mesangial Cells

Specialized cells in the kidneys that help regulate blood flow through the glomeruli and support glomerular capillaries.