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Scenario II Lazarus and Folkman (1984) Proposed a Three-Step Model of Coping

question 12

Multiple Choice

Scenario II
Lazarus and Folkman (1984) proposed a three-step model of coping. People first make primary appraisals to determine if stimuli are stressful or not. If a stimulus is determined to be a stressor, people make secondary appraisals to determine if they can be successfully handled. The cognitive-behavioral strategies used to actually deal with stressors are termed coping styles. While coping styles can be classified in different ways, they usually involve either approaching (rational coping) or avoiding or repressing (repressive coping) the stressful stimulus. Rational coping has both problem-focused and emotional components and typically involves an acceptance of, exposure to, and understanding of the stressor. In addition to repressive and rational coping, a coping style based on reframing involves changing the way one thinks about a stressor to reduce its threat.
-(Scenario II) A war veteran receiving systematic desensitization therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder is shown graphic depictions of war violence in virtual reality. This is an example of a coping strategy involving:

Definitions:

Rods

Photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye that are highly sensitive to light and enable vision in low-light conditions but do not mediate color vision.

Cone

A photoreceptor cell in the retina that is responsible for color vision and functions best in relatively bright light.

Color-Deficient Vision

A condition where an individual's ability to see one or more colors is impaired, commonly referred to as color blindness.

Opponent-Process Theory

A psychological and neurological model that explains how humans perceive colors as the brain processes signals from the eyes in an antagonistic manner.