Four Participants Sign Up for an Experiment Examining the Effects

question 113

Multiple Choice

Four participants sign up for an experiment examining the effects of alcohol on sociability. One participant is given an alcoholic beverage to drink and is told that it is alcohol. A second participant is given an alcoholic beverage to drink but told that it is nonalcoholic. A third drinks a nonalcoholic beverage but is told that it contains alcohol, and a fourth is given a nonalcoholic beverage and is told that it is nonalcoholic. Suppose that the effects of alcohol on sociability were entirely due to expectancy effects. Which participant(s) would behave more socially after drinking?

• A)Participant 2 only
• B)Participant 3 only
• C)Participants 1 and 3
• D)Participants 1 and 2

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Definitions:

Estimation

The process of finding an approximate value of some parameter—such as a mean, variance, or proportion—from a sample data set.

Population Parameters

Numeric characteristics or measures that describe an aspect of a population.

Sample Statistics

Statistics calculated from a subset of the population data, used to estimate population parameters.

Margin of Error

An expression of the amount of random sampling error in survey results.