Which of the Following Best Describes What Is Meant by "The

question 28

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes what is meant by "the Pollyanna effect"?

• A) People who maintain cheerful, optimistic demeanors are rated more favorably
• B) Memory and judgment are biased towards positive material
• C) Individuals who behave more positively tend to elevate the mood of those around them
• D) Dispositional optimism is linked with better health outcomes

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Definitions:

Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix

A psychological assessment tool used to validate the construct validity of tests by evaluating the correlation between different traits and methods.

Two-Layered Study

A research approach that examines a topic or phenomenon at two different levels of analysis or perspectives to gain a more comprehensive understanding.

Informal Social Networks

The unofficial and often not visible interconnections among individuals within an organization that influence the flow of information, facilitating social and professional interactions.

Structural Positions

The designated roles, responsibilities, and levels of authority within an organization's hierarchy.