Answer the Following Questions

question 66

Multiple Choice

Answer the following questions:
-Duma

• A)The guerrilla army of Giuseppe Garibaldi, who invaded Sicily in 1860 in an attempt to liberate it, winning the hearts of the Sicilian peasantry.
• B)An American law enacted during the Civil War that gave western land to settlers, reinforcing the concept of free labor in a market economy.
• C)A conflict fought between 1853 and 1856 over Russian desires to expand into Ottoman territory; Russia was defeated by France, Britain, and the Ottomans, underscoring the need for reform in the Russian Empire.
• D)A movement dedicated to building a Jewish national homeland in Palestine, started by Theodor Herzl.
• E)A massacre of peaceful protesters at the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg in 1905, triggering a revolution that overturned absolute tsarist rule and made Russia into a conservative constitutional monarchy.
• F)A German working-class political party founded in the 1870s that championed Marxism but in practice turned away from Marxist revolution and worked instead for social and workplace reforms in the German parliament.
• G)The popularly elected lower house of government of the new German Empire after 1871.
• H)Bismarck's attack on the Catholic Church within Germany from 1870 to 1878, resulting from Pius IX's declaration of papal infallibility.
• I)A divisive case in which Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish captain in the French army, was falsely accused and convicted of treason. The Catholic Church sided with the anti-Semites against Dreyfus; after Dreyfus was declared innocent, the French government severed all ties between the state and the church.
• J)A bill proposed after the Liberal Party came to power in Britain in 1906, it was designed to increase spending on social welfare services but was initially vetoed in the House of Lords.
• K)An effort by moderate socialists to update Marxist doctrines to reflect the realities of the time.
• L)The Russian parliament that opened in 1906, elected indirectly by universal male suffrage but controlled after 1907 by the tsar and the conservative classes.
• M)A set of reforms designed to remake the Ottoman Empire on a western European model.
• N)Fervent patriots who seized power in a 1908 coup in the Ottoman Empire, forcing the conservative sultan to implement reforms.

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Definitions:

Responsible Stage

In Schaie’s theory, the stage of cognitive development faced during middle adulthood in which ill-defined problems remain the norm, but problem solving must now take into account not only one’s own personal needs and goals but also those of others in one’s life that have become one’s responsibility (spouse, children, coworkers, member of the community).

Acquisition Stage

In Schaie’s theory, the time in cognitive development (during childhood and adolescence) when an individual is sheltered from the majority of life’s responsibilities and can learn a skill or a body of knowledge regardless of whether it has any practical goal or social implications.

Achieving Stage

In Schaie’s theory, the stage of cognitive development when a young adult must apply her intellectual skills to the achievement of long-term goals, carefully attending to the consequences of the problem-solving process.

Sociological Perspective

The sociological perspective is a viewpoint in sociology that emphasizes the interplay between individuals and the wider social and cultural context in shaping behavior and social phenomena.