Which of the Following Is True of the Link Between

question 37

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true of the link between depression and the risk of recurrent heart attacks and mortality in individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD) ?

• A) Depression doubles the risk.
• B) Depression increases the risk by eight-fold.
• C) Depression reduces the risk.
• D) There is no correlation between the two.

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Definitions:

Non-directional Alternative Hypothesis

A hypothesis that predicts a change in the dependent variable but does not specify the direction of the change.

Non-directional Null Hypothesis

A hypothesis that specifies no expected direction of the observed effect, stating simply that there is no association between the variables under investigation.

Directional Null Hypothesis

A specific type of null hypothesis that posits no predicted direction of the effect or association between variables.

Directional Alternative Hypothesis

A hypothesis that specifies the direction of the expected difference or relationship between variables (e.g., greater than, less than).