Healthy Cities Emphasizes

question 3

Multiple Choice

Healthy Cities emphasizes:

• A) A top-down approach with rational-empirical problem solving
• B) A top-down approach with community practice planned by experts
• C) A bottom-up approach with manipulation, therapy, and informing
• D) A bottom-up approach with multisectoral planning and action for health

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Definitions:

Two-tailed Test

A statistical test that considers both directions of an effect, testing the possibility of relationships in both positive and negative directions.

Significant

Denoting a result in statistical analysis that is likely not due to chance, thereby indicating a meaningful difference or correlation.

Z-statistic

A statistic used in hypothesis testing, calculated as the difference between a sample statistic and its hypothesized population parameter, divided by the standard error.

Critical Value

A limit in hypothesis testing that establishes the criteria for dismissing the null hypothesis.