Irving Janis Was Fascinated by How a Group of Intelligent

question 15

Multiple Choice

Irving Janis was fascinated by how a group of intelligent men such as President John F. Kennedy and his advisors could make such a disastrous decision when they authorized the ill-fated Bay of Pigs invasion. To find out, Janis began his study of decision-making in groups that eventually led to the phenomenon of "groupthink." Janis's hypothesis-generating heuristic could best be described as

• A) an attempt to resolve conflicting results.
• B) an effort to understand a paradoxical incident.
• C) an effort to improve on older ideas.
• D) the use of metaphors.

---

Definitions:

Greater Than

Greater Than is a mathematical symbol (>) used to indicate that the value on the left side is larger than the value on the right side.

Undifferentiated Targeting Strategy

A marketing strategy a firm can use if the product or service is perceived to provide the same benefits to everyone, with no need to develop separate strategies for different groups.

Marketers

Professionals involved in the process of promoting, selling, and distributing a product or service.

Pencils

Writing instruments made of graphite (or a similar substance) encased in wood or a mechanical holder, used for drawing or writing.