Describe Two General Categories of Independent Variables Discussed in the Text

question 14

Essay

Describe two general categories of independent variables discussed in the text. Provide an example of each.

Assess the effects of conservative policies on crime rates and social welfare programs.

Understand the concept of attributions and how they are used to explain behavior.

Differentiate between dispositional (personal) and situational attributions.

Recognize the fundamental attribution error and its effects on perception.

---

Definitions:

Margin of Safety

The difference between actual or projected sales and the break-even point, indicating the level of risk in meeting profitability targets.

Margin of Safety

The difference between actual or projected sales and the break-even point, indicating the amount of sales decline a business can tolerate.

Net Operating Income

The profit generated from a business's regular operational activities, excluding expenses and taxes.

Contribution Margin Ratio

The percentage of each sales dollar remaining after variable costs have been deducted, indicating the portion available to cover fixed costs and generate profit.