The Counternull Statistic Is Useful for Minimizing Which of the Following

question 33

Multiple Choice

The counternull statistic is useful for minimizing which of the following common errors (in thinking about effect sizes) ?

• A) the ecological fallacy
• B) inferring that a failure to reject the null hypothesis also implies an effect size of zero
• C) error of equating the rejection of the null hypothesis with having demonstrated a scientifically important effect
• D) b and c

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Definitions:

Barriers

Obstacles that prevent or hinder entry into a market or the pursuit of certain activities, which can be economic, legal, technical, or natural in nature.

Allocative Efficiency

A state of the economy in which production represents consumer preferences; every good or service is produced up to the point where the last unit provides a benefit to consumers equal to the cost of producing it.

Productive Efficiency

A state where goods and services are produced at the lowest possible cost and resources are utilized in the most efficient way.

Economies of Scale

The cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation, with cost per unit of output decreasing with increasing scale.