Exhibit 18

question 43

Multiple Choice

Exhibit 18.2.The following table includes the information about a monthly time series. Refer to Exhibit 18.2.When the exponential smoothing method with α = 0.1 is applied,what is the mean absolute deviation (MAD) ?

• A)20.796
• B)9.16
• C)3.05
• D)3.56

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Definitions:

Mate Assistance Hypothesis

A theory proposing that monogamy can evolve when males gain more reproductive success by providing care and protection to their mate and offspring than by seeking additional mates.

Mate Limitation Hypothesis

A theory suggesting that the availability of potential reproductive partners limits the reproductive success of individuals, particularly in populations with skewed sex ratios.

Monogamy

The practice of maintaining a sexually exclusive relationship with one partner over a period of time.

Genetic Diversity Hypothesis

The proposition that genetic variation within a population or species is beneficial for its survival and adaptation, often leading to increased resistance to disease and environmental changes.