Exhibit 9-3

question 67

Multiple Choice

Exhibit 9-3.The Boston public school district has had difficulty maintaining on-time bus service for its students ("A Year Later,School Buses Still Late," Boston Globe,October 5,2011) .Suppose the district develops a new bus schedule to help combat chronic lateness on a particularly woeful route.Historically,the bus service on the route has been,on average,12 minutes late.After the schedule adjustment,the first 36 runs were an average of 8 minutes late.As a result,the Boston public school district claimed that the schedule adjustment was an improvement-students were not as late.Assume a population standard deviation for bus arrival time of 12 minutes. Refer to Exhibit 9-3.Develop the null and alternative hypotheses to determine whether the schedule adjustment reduced the average lateness time of 12 minutes.

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Definitions:

Repression

A defense mechanism in psychoanalytic theory where unacceptable or unpleasant thoughts and memories are unconsciously excluded from awareness.

Denial

A psychological defense mechanism where an individual refuses to accept reality or facts, thereby avoiding dealing with painful feelings.

Unconscious Impulses

Desires or thoughts that reside outside of conscious awareness, influencing behavior and decision-making.

Consciousness

Consciousness refers to the quality or state of being aware of an external object or something within oneself.