One of the First Biologics Developed Was a Drug Known $\alpha$

question 18

Multiple Choice

One of the first biologics developed was a drug known as etanercept (common name, Enbrel) that is a fusion protein formed from the cytokine binding domain of the TNF-receptor fused to the human IgG1 constant region, as shown in Figure Q6) . This biologic is used to treat patients with inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and others. Etanercept was developed to avoid injecting patients with the mouse monoclonal antibody to TNF- $\alpha$ , which was available at the time.
Figure Q6) Etanercept was preferred because:

• A) It had a higher affinity for TNF-\(\alpha\) than the antibody
• B) It had a higher valency of binding to TNF-\(\alpha\) than the antibody
• C) It had a longer in vivo half-life than the anti-TNF-\(\alpha\) antibody
• D) It was easier and cheaper to produce than the antibody
• E) It would not elicit an anti-drug antibody response

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Definitions:

High-Pitched Sounds

Sounds that have a high frequency, typically perceived as sharp or squeaky to the human ear.

Speech Impairment

Speech that deviates so much from the speech of others that it calls attention to itself, interferes with communication, or produces maladjustment in the speaker.

Stuttering

A speech disorder characterized by repetitive sounds, syllables, or words, or the involuntary pause before speech, affecting fluency of expression.

Communication

Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, feelings, and messages through speech, writing, signals, or behavior between individuals or groups.