To Generate a Vaccine to Pertussis Toxin, a Heat-Killed Preparation

question 26

Multiple Choice

To generate a vaccine to pertussis toxin, a heat-killed preparation of Bordetella pertussis (the bacteria that produce pertussis toxin) is mixed with a purified preparation of the inactivated toxin protein. The mixture is then injected subcutaneously into mice. In an effort to enhance the antibody response to the toxin, a group of test mice is depleted of all their dendritic cells immediately prior to immunization. However, instead of enhancing the antibody response, the dendritic cell depletion nearly eliminated the anti-toxin antibody response because:

• A) All of the toxin-specific B cells underwent apoptosis in the absence of dendritic cells.
• B) The heat-killed Bordetella pertussis could not be ingested by macrophages in the mice.
• C) Dendritic cells are needed to activate naive CD4 T cells, which can then help the B cells produce anti-toxin antibody.
• D) The macrophages in the mice did not express the appropriate pattern recognition receptors to recognize Bordetella pertussis.
• E) The toxin-specific B cells did not up-regulate their MHC class II molecules after encountering the Bordetella pertussis.

Distinguish between training and development and their respective purposes.

Recognize the importance of action planning in career development.

Understand the concepts of a protean career and its implications for personal growth.

Identify the components of a career management system.

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