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i. The sum of the expected frequencies and the sum of the observed frequencies must be equal. ii. If the computed value of chi-square is less than the critical value, reject the null hypothesis at a predetermined level of significance.
iii. If there are only two cells in a goodness-of-fit test, we should expect 5 or more frequencies.
Differential Analysis
A decision-making process that looks at the difference in costs and benefits between alternative choices.
Product Cost Distortion
When the allocated costs of manufacturing a product do not accurately reflect the actual costs, leading to incorrect pricing or profitability analysis.
Total Cost Concept
A management accounting concept that includes all costs, both fixed and variable, incurred in producing a product or delivering a service.
Cost-Plus Approach
A pricing strategy where the selling price is determined by adding a specific markup to a product's cost.
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