I the Alternative Hypothesis States That There Is a Difference

question 3

Multiple Choice

i. The alternative hypothesis states that there is a difference between the observed frequencies and the expected frequencies in a goodness-of-fit test. ii. The number of degrees of freedom appropriate for the chi-square goodness-of-fit test is the number of categories minus 1.
iii. If there are extremely large differences between observed and expected frequencies the correct decision is to reject H₀.

• A) (i), (ii), and (iii) are all correct statements.
• B) (i) and (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
• C) (i) and (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
• D) (ii) and (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
• E) (i), (ii), and (iii) are all false statements.

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Definitions:

Hammond Postulate

The Hammond postulate suggests that the transition state of a reaction resembles the structure of the closest stable species on the reaction path, either the products or the reactants.

Transition State

The highest-energy state during a chemical reaction where the reactants are transformed into products, representing the point of highest energy on a reaction coordinate.

Endothermic Reaction

A chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings.

Exothermic Reaction

A chemical reaction that releases heat energy to its surroundings.