Examlex
i. If we are testing for the difference between two population means, it is assumed that the sample observations from one population are independent of the sample observations from the other population. ii. If we are testing for the difference between two population means, it is assumed that the two populations are approximately normal and have equal variances.
iii. When sample sizes are less than 30, a test for the differences between two population means has n - 1 degrees of freedom.
Classical Conditioning
The development of understanding through the combination of a naturally present stimulus and one from the environment.
Adaptability
The ability to change or be changed to fit varied circumstances or environments, often essential for survival, growth, and development.
Learning
The act of gaining new insights, learning, abilities, values, or inclinations by means of education, practical exposure, or instruction.
Behaviors
The actions or reactions of an individual in response to external or internal stimuli.
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