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A Leading Motivation for Scientists to Bioengineer Human Organs for Transplant

question 13

Multiple Choice

A leading motivation for scientists to bioengineer human organs for transplant is the trend in the percentage of patients on the organ transplant waiting list who receive a transplant (that is, [Number receiving transplant/Number on the wait list] × 100) , as shown in this graph. Furthermore, although ethnic groups generally donate in proportion to their group's representation in the U.S. population, the need for particular organs in some groups is much higher than in others. For example, chronic kidney disease is three times more common in African Americans, Asians and Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics/Latinos as compared to Caucasians. Although organ compatibility is based on blood type and tissue markers, and not ethnicity, a compatible match is more likely between people of the same ethnic group (that is, with greater genetic similarity) . Thus, bioengineering of human organs can also potentially solve the problem of decreased access to organ transplants among diverse groups of people.
Change in percent of organ transplant waiting list who receive a transplant
-Imagine that fully functioning kidneys have been successfully created through bioengineering. What data analysis would measure the effectiveness of bioengineered organs in improving access to organ transplants among diverse groups of people?

Definitions:

Double-Blind Procedure

An experimental technique where neither the participants nor the experimenters know who is receiving a particular treatment, used to prevent bias in research results.

Aspirin

A medication used to reduce pain, fever, inflammation, and prevent blood clots.

Experimenters

Individuals who conduct experiments to test hypotheses by manipulating and controlling variables in a controlled environment.

Dependent Variable

The variable in an experiment that is expected to change or respond as a result of manipulations of the independent variable.