Exposure to the HIV Virus Doesn't Necessarily Mean That a Person

question 85

Multiple Choice

Exposure to the HIV virus doesn't necessarily mean that a person will develop AIDS. Some people have genetic resistance to infection by HIV. Dr. Stephen O'Brien from the U.S. National Cancer Institute has recently identified a mutant form of a gene, called CCR5, that can protect against HIV infection. The mutation probably originated in Europe and became more prevalent among survivors of the bubonic plague. The mutated gene prevents the plague bacteria from attaching to cell membranes and, therefore, from entering and infecting body cells.
Although the HIV virus is very different from the bacteria that causes the plague, both diseases affect the exact same cells and use the same method of infection. The presence of the mutated gene in descendants of plague survivors helps prevent them from contracting AIDS. Pharmaceutical companies are using this information as the basis for a new approach to AIDS prevention. This could be very important in areas of the world where the mutation is scarce or absent, such as Africa.
-Imagine that a pharmaceutical company was successful at producing a drug based on the CCR5 gene product that is effective at preventing the contraction of AIDS. However, shortly after the drug has been in use, patients and doctors report that the drug is not as effective as it once was. What is the most likely explanation for this result?

• A) The people taking the drug have built up a tolerance to the drug.
• B) Some HIV viruses have genetic variations in the RNA genome that provide resistance to the actions of the drug.
• C) The HIV virus gained mutations in its DNA genome in order to become resistant to the actions of the drug.
• D) The DNA of white blood cells of the people taking the drug has mutated to become resistant to the drug.

Explore how social influences can modify attitudes and behaviors, including through observational learning and persuasion techniques.

Learn about the role of empirical evidence in psychology and the reliance on systematic observation for conclusions.

Understand the concepts of attribution, including how success and personal qualities are attributed differently based on gender or group membership.

Understand key social influence techniques and their applications.

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Definitions:

Industry Databases

Collections of data and information about various industries and businesses, often used for market research, competitive analysis, and strategic planning.

Lag Indicator

A metric that reflects the outcomes or results following the occurrence of an event or change within a system or process.

Profitability Each Trip

The measure of how much profit is generated from each individual trip or journey, commonly used in transportation and logistics.

Number New Passengers

Number new passengers typically refers to the count of first-time or newly acquired passengers by a transportation service within a specific timeframe, representing growth or expansion.