The Following Questions Refer to Figure 27.1

question 23

Multiple Choice

The following questions refer to Figure 27.1.
In this eight-year experiment, 12 populations of E. coli, each begun from a single cell, were grown in low-glucose conditions for 20,000 generations. Each culture was introduced to fresh growth medium every 24 hours. Occasionally, samples were removed from the populations, and their fitness in low-glucose conditions was tested against that of members sampled from the ancestral (common ancestor) E. coli population.

Figure 27.1
-If new genetic variation in the experimental populations arose solely by spontaneous mutations, then the most effective process for subsequently increasing the prevalence of the beneficial mutations in the population over the course of generations is

• A) transduction.
• B) binary fission.
• C) conjugation.
• D) transformation.
• E) meiosis.

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Definitions:

Direct Labor-Hours

The total number of hours worked by employees directly involved in manufacturing goods or providing services.

Direct Materials Purchases Variance

A measure used in managerial accounting to compare the actual cost of direct materials to the expected cost.

Direct Labor-Hours

The cumulative hours put in by workers directly engaged in manufacturing products or delivering services.

Labor Rate Variance

The variance between the real labor costs and the projected or normative labor costs.