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The following questions refer to this hypothetical situation.
A female fly, full of fertilized eggs, is swept by high winds to an island far out to sea. She is the first fly to arrive on this island, and the only fly to arrive in this way. Thousands of years later, her numerous offspring occupy the island, but none of them resembles her. There are, instead, several species, each of which eats only a certain type of food. None of the species can fly, for their flight wings are absent, and their balancing organs (in other words, halteres) are now used in courtship displays. The male members of each species bear modified halteres that are unique in appearance to their species. Females bear vestigial halteres. The ranges of all of the daughter species overlap.
-In each fly species, the entire body segment that gave rise to the original flight wings is missing. The mutation(s) that led to the flightless condition could have
Functional Age
The actual competence and performance levels of an individual, as opposed to their chronological age.
Wear-And-Tear
The damage or deterioration that occurs as a result of ordinary use over time.
Programmed Aging
The theory that aging is a biological process controlled by specific genes.
Tertiary Aging
The progression of changes in an individual that are due to disease, rather than due to normal aging or genetics.
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