Pacemakers Implanted in the Chests of Patients with Certain Heart

question 8

Multiple Choice

Pacemakers implanted in the chests of patients with certain heart conditions are powered by a lithium/iodine PVP battery, where PVP represents polyvinylpyridine. The cell reaction and standard cell potential are given below. The standard reduction potential for Li/Li is 3.05 V. What species is oxidized in this reaction? 3.59 V

• A)Li
• B)I₂
• C)I₂:PVP
• D)PVP
• E)LiI

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Definitions:

Sensory Adaptation

Change in the sensitivity of a receptor that usually makes the receptor less sensitive to its stimulus.

Proprioception

The sense of the relative position of one's own parts of the body and strength of effort being employed in movement.

Somatic Sensing

Somatic sensing involves the perception of bodily sensations, including touch, temperature, pain, and proprioception, integral to physical experiences.

Integration

Summing up of excitatory and inhibitory signals by a neuron or by some part of the brain.