In this eight-year experiment, 12 populations of E. coli, each begun from a single cell, were grown in low-glucose conditions for 20,000 generations. Each culture was introduced to fresh growth medium every 24 hours. Occasionally, samples were removed from the populations, and their fitness in low-glucose conditions was tested against that of members sampled from the ancestral (common ancestor) E. coli population. 
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Which term best describes what has occurred among the experimental populations of cells over this eight-year period?
Definitions:
Tracking Signal
A statistical measure used in quality control and forecasting to detect bias in the forecast error over time.
Simple Moving Average
A mathematical method used in finance and economics to calculate the average of a selected range of prices or quantities over a specific period of time.
Exponential Smoothing
Exponential smoothing is a forecasting technique that applies decreasing weights to past observations, with more recent data given more significance.
Holt's Method
A forecasting technique that extends exponential smoothing to capture trends in historical data, used in time series analysis.
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