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Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 146

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
Scenario I is based on fabricated data inspired by the following study:
Pande, A. C., Crockatt, J. C., Feltner, D. E., et al. (2003) . Pregabalin in generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled trial. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(3) , 533-540.
Effect of Pregabalin on Anxiety
Pande and colleagues examined whether pregabalin (brand name Lyrica) was as effective as lorazepam (brand name Ativan) in treating anxiety. To that end, they administered either a low dose of pregabalin, a high dose of pregabalin, lorazepam, or placebo to participants for four weeks, then measured the participants' anxiety using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. The researchers found that not only did the high dose of pregabalin significantly reduce anxiety, but that it also reduced anxiety as well as lorazepam. The results of the study (Figure 1) indicate that pregabalin may be an effective alternative to lorazepam to treat anxiety in adults.
Figure 1. Hypothetical results of Pande et al (2003) showing the impact of each treatment on anxiety level. Anxiety was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale.
-(Scenario I) During an IRB meeting one member notes the high dose of pregabalin proposed in this study may produce significant negative side effects. Another IRB member says that although this may be true, it should only affect a few participants. She also notes that other studies have found pregabalin to have a number of positive effects. The IRB appears to be engaged in a discussion relating to:

Definitions:

Variable Costs

Costs that change in proportion to the level of goods or services that a business produces.

Labor Costs

The total expenses incurred by employing labor, including wages, salaries, and benefits.

Raw Materials

The basic material from which a product is made, often used in manufacturing and production processes.

Fixed Costs

Fixed costs are business expenses that remain constant regardless of the level of production or sales.