If We Ran Box's Test Prior to Conducting a MANOVA

question 20

Multiple Choice

If we ran Box's test prior to conducting a MANOVA and obtained a value with an associated p-value less than .05, what would this tell us?

• A)That the residuals are not independent.
• B)That there are multivariate outliers present.
• C)That the population variance-covariance matrices of the different groups in the analysis are equal.
• D)That the assumption of homogeneity of variance-covariance matrices has been violated.

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Definitions:

Showing

The act of making something visible or displaying something for people to see.

Archegoniophore

The structure that bears archegonia, found in certain plants like liverworts and ferns, facilitating reproduction.

Liverworts

Simple, non-vascular plants that are part of the bryophyte group, often found in moist habitats and playing a role in the ecosystem as pioneer species.

Lycopodiophyta

A division of vascular plants known as clubmosses that exhibit early characteristics of plant evolution such as microphyll leaves.