Which of the Following Is Not One of the Four

question 113

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not one of the four approaches to managing organizational change?

• A) Lewin's three-step model
• B) Kotter's eight-step plan
• C) Taylor's classic theory
• D) action research
• E) organizational development

---

Definitions:

Population Standard Deviation

A measure that quantifies the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of data values in a population.

Estimator

A rule or formula that provides an estimate of a population parameter based on sample data.

True Value

True value refers to the actual value of a parameter or statistic in the population, which statistical estimates aim to approximate.

Confidence Interval

A range derived from sample statistics that likely contains the true population parameter at a specified level of confidence.