Human Beings Are Complex, and Few, If Any, Simple and Universal

question 54

Multiple Choice

Human beings are complex, and few, if any, simple and universal principles explain organizational behavior. Nevertheless, it does not mean that OB cannot offer reasonably accurate explanations of human behavior or make valid predictions. It does mean that OB concepts must ________.

• A) focus on the reliability and validity of research data
• B) attempt to establish cause-and-effect relationships
• C) be consistently applicable across a wide range of situations
• D) reflect situational, or contingency, conditions
• E) avoid assumptions

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Definitions:

Opportunity Costs

The loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen, representing the benefits one misses out on when making a decision.

Excess Capacity

Excess capacity refers to a situation where a company is operating below its maximum output level, indicating that it can produce more with the current resources if there is higher demand.

Expansionary Fiscal Policy

To fight recessions, the federal government lowers taxes and/or raises spending.

Government Spending

Expenditures made by the government of a country on collective needs and wants such as infrastructure, public safety, education, and healthcare.