The Human Immune System Detects the Presence of Pathogens Using

question 17

Multiple Choice

The human immune system detects the presence of pathogens using pattern recognition receptor molecules that bind to common components of pathogens, such as peptidoglycan polymers in cell walls and the flagellin protein of bacterial flagella, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, or PAMPs. These receptors are effective because

• A) they recognize evolutionarily conserved molecules that are structurally essential to the various bacteria that use them.
• B) PAMPs evolve more quickly than other pathogen molecules.
• C) they result in rapid evolution of the host immune system.
• D) they detect only human immune molecules.

Grasp the biochemical processes involved in muscle energy supply.

Identify the structures that facilitate movement in the human body.

Comprehend the cellular and molecular basis of muscle function and fatigue.

Understand the mechanics of muscle contraction and the role of sarcomeres.

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Definitions:

Floating Charge

A debt security issued by a corporation in which assets of the corporation, such as stock-in-trade, are pledged as security. Until such time as default occurs, the corporation is free to dispose of the assets.

Creditor

An entity or person to whom money is owed by a debtor.

Inventories

The total amount of goods and materials held by a company for the purpose of sale or production.

Security

A financial asset, such as a stock or bond, that can be traded in the financial market.