Different Concentrations of Ions on Either Side of a Cell

question 10

Multiple Choice

Different concentrations of ions on either side of a cell membrane constitute a concentration cell, which is described by the Nernst equation given below. A cell must expend energy to maintain this concentration gradient by moving ions from one side of the membrane to the other. How much energy must be expended to transport 1 mole of sodium ions across a membrane when the sodium ion concentration is 0.10 M on one side of the membrane and 0.010 M on the other side, and the temperature is 37°C (body temperature) ? (Given: Na⁺ + e^- a, = -2.71 V; F = 96,485 C; 1 J = 1 C V; R = 8.315 J / mol K)

• A) 50 kJ
• B) 260 kJ
• C) 6.0 kJ
• D) 250 kJ
• E) 6000 kJ

---

Definitions:

Common Shareholders

Individuals or entities that own common shares in a corporation, granting them voting rights and a share in the company's profits via dividends.

Net Income

The total profit or loss of a company after all revenues and expenses have been accounted for.

Shareholders' Equity

The residual interest in the assets of a corporation after deducting liabilities, representing the ownership interest of shareholders.

Statement of Changes

A financial report detailing the changes in equity of a company over a specific period.