In Producing Transgenic Plants, Cells Called Protoplasts Are Often Used

question 40

Multiple Choice

In producing transgenic plants, cells called protoplasts are often used. Protoplasts are plant cells from which the cell wall has been removed. Why would the cell wall need to be removed?

• A) The foreign DNA enters the cell through self-healing holes in the membrane but it could not pass through the cell wall.
• B) The cell wall prevents the transgenic cell from growing into a mature plant.
• C) The cell wall makes it difficult for the biotechnician to determine if the foreign DNA has been incorporated into the cell's genome.
• D) The cell wall prevents the microinjection of foreign DNA into the cell because the needle cannot pass through it.
• E) The foreign DNA passes through the plasmodesmata of the plant cell, which is blocked by the cell wall.

Identify the characteristics and functions of different sleep stages.

Recognize the symptoms and causes of common sleep disorders.

Explain the process and importance of memory consolidation during sleep.

Describe Freud's theory of dreams, including the concepts of manifest and latent content.

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Definitions:

Fight-or-flight Response

A physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival.

Walter Cannon

A physiologist who coined the term "fight or flight" to describe the body's response to stress, and made significant contributions to understanding the autonomic nervous system.

Catecholamines

Biochemical compounds, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, that function as neurotransmitters and hormones, significantly affecting the body's stress response.

Neurotransmitters

Chemical substances in the body that transmit signals from one neuron to another across synapses.