A Medical Test Has Been Designed to Detect the Presence

question 93

Multiple Choice

A medical test has been designed to detect the presence of a certain disease. Among those who have the disease, the probability that the disease will be detected by the test is 0.91. However, the probability that the test will erroneously indicate the presence of the disease in those who do not actually have it is 0.02. It is estimated that 2% of the population who take this test have the disease. If an individual takes the test twice and both times the test is positive, what is the probability that the person actually has the disease?

• A) 0.481
• B) 0.980
• C) 0.023
• D) 0.519
• E) 0.977

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Definitions:

Olin Wright

A sociologist known for his work on social class, inequality, and the possibilities for social change in capitalist societies.

Deindustrialization

The process of industrial decline in a region or economy, characterized by the closing of factories and the loss of manufacturing jobs.

Poverty

A state where an individual or community lacks the financial resources and essentials for a minimum standard of living.

Functionalism

A theoretical perspective in sociology and anthropology that interprets each part of society in terms of how it contributes to the stability of the whole.