Downsizing Is Often Accompanied by Reducing

question 3

Multiple Choice

Downsizing is often accompanied by reducing

• A)horizontal complexity.
• B)vertical complexity.
• C)horizontal or vertical complexity.
• D)span of control.
• E)formalization.

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Definitions:

Exclusion

The act or process of deliberately leaving someone out from a group or an activity, often having significant psychological impacts on the excluded individual.

Collectivism

A social and cultural principle that prioritizes the group over individual interests, emphasizing interdependence, cooperation, and shared goals.

Natural Selection

A process in evolution by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive longer and transmit more of their genetic characteristics to succeeding generations.

Evolution

The process through which species of organisms undergo change over time through variations in hereditary traits and natural selection.