The External Forces That Inhibit the Ability of Managers to Implement

question 3

Multiple Choice

The external forces that inhibit the ability of managers to implement the desired change include all of the following, EXCEPT:

• A) The drag of past practices and routines that are difficult to dislodge
• B) A confrontational industrial relations environment
• C) Legislation that mandates various requirements if an organization is to continue to function
• D) Industry wide trends that impact all organizations operating in the same industry

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Definitions:

Promotion Focus

A motivation theory aspect that emphasizes achieving positive outcomes and advancements rather than avoiding negative ones.

Prevention Focus

A general tendency to think and act in ways oriented toward the avoidance of negative outcomes.

Self-Esteem

An individual's subjective evaluation of their own worth, including beliefs about oneself and emotional states.

Need For Cognition

A personality trait that denotes a person's love for and engagement in thinking, problem-solving, and complex discussions.