The VALS Segmentation System Has Evolved into an Eight-Part Typology

question 123

Essay

The VALS segmentation system has evolved into an eight-part typology. List the categories of the eight-part typology.

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Definitions:

Abusive Supervision

A form of leadership behavior where a supervisor engages in the sustained display of hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviors, excluding physical contact.

Norm of Reciprocity

A social rule that suggests individuals should repay, in kind, what another has provided or done for them.

Equivalence

The condition of being equal or equivalent in value, function, meaning, or status.

Informal Leaders

Individuals who influence others within an organization but do not hold official authority or positions of leadership.