Arguments That Are in Conflict with One's Prior Attitudes Are

question 96

Multiple Choice

Arguments that are in conflict with one's prior attitudes are scrutinized longer and subjected to more skeptical analysis than are arguments that are consistent with one's prior beliefs. This finding is MOST consistent with which of the following concepts?

• A) disconfirmation bias
• B) the matching hypothesis
• C) cognitive dissonance
• D) the fundamental attribution error

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Definitions:

Ratio Scale

A scale of measurement in which there is an absolute zero point, indicating an absence of the variable being measured. An implication is that ratios of numbers on the scale can be formed (generally, these are physical measures such as weight or timed measures such as duration or reaction time).

Ordinal Scale

A measurement scale that categorizes variables based upon their order or rank, without specifying the exact differences between ranks.

Direction of Difference

Describes whether the relationship between variables indicates a positive or negative association in statistical analysis.

Research Hypothesis

A specific, testable prediction about the expected outcome of a study or experiment.