Giulia McGettigan Was Born Full Term with a Malformed Jaw,cleft

question 7

Multiple Choice

Giulia McGettigan was born full term with a malformed jaw,cleft palate,a ventricular septal defect,and hypocalcemia.Within 48 hours of birth she developed muscle tetany,convulsions,tachypnea,and a systolic murmur.A chest X-ray showed an enlarged heart and the absence of a thymic shadow.Blood tests showed severely depleted levels of CD4 and CD8 T cells; B-cell numbers were low but within normal range.Parathyroid hormone was undetectable.Fluorescence in situ hybridization of the buccal mucosa revealed a small deletion in the long arm of chromosome 22.Giulia failed to thrive and battled chronic diarrhea and opportunistic infections,including oral candidiasis and Pneumocystis jirovecii,the latter infection causing her death.Giulia most probably had which of the following immunodeficiency diseases?

• A)AIDS
• B)DiGeorge syndrome
• C)bare lymphocyte syndrome
• D)chronic granulomatous disease
• E)hyper IgM syndrome.

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Definitions:

Cultural Integration

The process of blending and harmonizing different cultural practices, values, and norms within an organization or society.

Cultural Pluralism

A concept where small groups within a larger society maintain their unique cultural identities, and their values and practices are accepted by the wider culture provided they are consistent with the laws and values of the wider society.

Cultural Assimilation

The process by which individuals or groups from differing cultural backgrounds come to adopt the dominant culture's norms and values.

Mismanagement

The action or practice of managing an organization or activity poorly, leading to negative outcomes.