When Variables Are Related Within Data Drawn from a Research

question 15

Multiple Choice

When variables are related within data drawn from a research sample, the relationship may have been caused by:

• A) design flaws
• B) rival hypotheses
• C) sampling bias
• D) all of the above

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Definitions:

Law Of Effect

A principle in psychology that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are likely to be repeated, while those followed by negative outcomes are less likely to be repeated.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process through which behavior is shaped and maintained by its consequences, including reinforcements and punishments.

Extinction

Extinction in behavioral psychology refers to the gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response when the reinforcement is no longer provided.