Dogs Exposed to Aversive Stimuli from Which They Could Not

question 27

Multiple Choice

Dogs exposed to aversive stimuli from which they could not escape were found to

• A) learn through observation how to be helpless.
• B) avoid the stimulus on every trial.
• C) stop moving when placed in a shuttle-box situation.
• D) suffer from neurological damage.

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Definitions:

Uterine Horn

Part of the uterus in some animals where the uterine tubes connect to the uterus, often the site of embryo implantation in species with multiple gestations.

Renal Medulla

The innermost part of the kidney, composed of renal pyramids and columns, involved in the concentration of urine.

Renal Cortex

The outer portion of the kidney where initial filtration of blood occurs and includes the glomeruli and the convoluted tubules.

Adrenal Glands

Small glands located above the kidneys that produce hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol, involved in stress response and metabolism.