The Following Questions Refer to the Excerpt Below

question 4

Multiple Choice

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"For some eighteen years,Elizabeth's England had been locked in open war with the Spanish empire of Philip II (succeeded by his son,Philip III,in 1598) .In many ways,the conflict was about religion.Protestant England had long feared Spain was marshalling the forces of international Catholicism against it.By 1585,Elizabeth felt compelled to send troops to aid the (largely Protestant) Dutch to prevent the Spanish army completing its conquest of the Low Countries-the obvious base for an assault on England.English anxieties were further heightened by the sizeable Catholic minority among the queen's own subjects and continuing fears they might prove a fifth column for Spain.Philip II was not only determined to crush the English challenge,but was also infuriated by English piracy,not least against Spanish ships and settlements in the New World.The result was Spain's attempt to invade England by sea in 1588-what is today popularly called 'the Spanish Armada.'"
Historian Paul E.J.Hammer,"England on the Eve of Colonization"
-Which of the following accurately explains one of the primary motives for European colonization of the New World in the context of this passage?

• A) Colonization efforts were delayed by long periods of warfare in Europe.
• B) Europeans sought new sources of wealth to fund their nationalistic conflicts in Europe.
• C) The Spanish needed to identify a new source of labor to sustain its home economy.
• D) Independent explorers sought political recognition for their typically self-funded efforts.

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Definitions:

Expected Return

The anticipated amount of profit or loss one expects from an investment over a specified period, considering all potential outcomes.

Service Cost

The portion of the cost of a pension or other post-employment benefit plan attributed to services rendered by employees in the current period.

Discounted Present Value

The process of determining the present value of a future amount of money or stream of cash flows given a specified rate of return.

Additional Year's Employment

The extension of an employee's service period by one year, often affecting benefits and pension calculations.