When Should a PA Assess the Five Threats to Independence

question 14

Multiple Choice

When should a PA assess the five threats to independence with respect to an audit engagement?

• A)when deciding to accept a client or whether to continue an existing engagement
• B)after signing the engagement letter and before commencing field work
• C)after the completion of this year's audit,before starting the next engagement
• D)after a discussion with the Board of Directors

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Definitions:

Antiessentialism

A philosophical stance arguing against the idea that entities have a set of immutable attributes essential to their identity or function.

Semiotics of Materiality

The study of how material objects contribute to meaning-making processes in cultural and social contexts.

Actor-Network Theory

Actor-Network Theory is an approach that treats entities (people, organizations, and objects) as equally important in creating social networks, emphasizing the interconnectivity and influence of all actors in a system.

Decentering

An approach in various fields, notably postmodernism and multiculturalism, aimed at shifting focus from a central perspective to diverse viewpoints.