Two Students Take a History Exam

question 34

Multiple Choice

Two students take a History exam. The first student has an A average but makes a C on the test whereas the second student who has a D average makes an A on the exam. Assuming that these discrepancies on this test are due to measurement error, it is likely that the first student will make a(n) _______ and the second student will make a(n) _______ on the next exam.

• A) C; A
• B) A; D
• C) C; C
• D) C; B

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Definitions:

Gender Disparity

Refers to the difference in treatment or outcomes between genders, often resulting in disparities in opportunities, wages, and social status.

Social Discounting Bias

A cognitive bias where people undervalue the benefits or harms of their actions on others who are socially distant.

Defense Mechanism

Psychological strategies employed by individuals to cope with reality and maintain self-image by unconsciously denying or distorting reality.

Bullying

Repeated aggressive behavior intended to hurt another individual physically, mentally, or emotionally, often involving a perceived or actual power imbalance.